The Church believes that a marriage must contain four essential elements, that it must be free consent of both parties, that their gift to each other is total, that they will be faithful to each other until death, and that they are open to life. Formal refusal to accept or practise one of them would make the marriage defective, and is considered grounds for annulment. If one or more parties refuse to agree to one of these elements before the marriage, the priest will not be allowed to marry them.

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天主教有關犯罪後不能領聖體,主要是針對“大罪“或”死罪“(mortal sins)。教導是如果一個人犯了大罪,他便已拒絕了天主的恩寵和與天主的共融,因而不能領聖體,因為聖體聖事是表達我們與天主的共融。要再領聖體,必須先藉着修和聖事(辦告解),與天主修補關係後才可以。

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