The Church believes that a marriage must contain four essential elements, that it must be free consent of both parties, that their gift to each other is total, that they will be faithful to each other until death, and that they are open to life. Formal refusal to accept or practise one of them would make the marriage defective, and is considered grounds for annulment. If one or more parties refuse to agree to one of these elements before the marriage, the priest will not be allowed to marry them.

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This question is one of the several reasons why the Catholic Church stipulates an extended period of time for marriage preparation, typically one year before the wedding day. The first step for the couple to take is not to shop for banquet halls or churches or exotic locations, but to sit down with their pastor so he can assess their needs.

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你的代女的丈夫因為曾經結婚,雖然在法律上已離婚,但因為教會看婚姻很重,除非教會法庭能證明當年的婚姻從未曾滿全婚姻的元素,否則他在教會眼中仍然與第一位妻子已婚。正因如此,你代女與他的婚姻在教會裏是未能成立的,因而她也不能領聖體。

但因為教會也明白有很多法律上的婚姻是不符合教會的婚姻觀,或是實在有很多人不知道或不願意去擁抱教會的婚姻觀

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